The geography of the Roman Republic and the Mediterranean world it came to dominate.
The geography of the Roman Republic and the Mediterranean world it came to dominate.
Rome is the city in which Livarva’s central drama begins and returns. From huts on hills and marshland in the future Forum, it became the centre of a Mediterranean empire. Its streets, temples, assemblies, and sacred boundaries fo…
The Forum Romanum was the political heart of Rome: a place of speeches, trials, elections, funerals, business, and violence. In Livarva’s account, it becomes the visible stage on which republican dignity decays into fear.…
The Palatine was the oldest of Rome’s hills in tradition, associated with Romulus, the first settlement, and the sacred origins of the city. Later it became a place of aristocratic residence and eventually imperial power.…
Praeneste was a stronghold of Marian resistance during Sulla’s civil war. The younger Marius was trapped there and died rather than fall into Sulla’s hands.…
Numidia was the North African kingdom connected with the Jugurthine War, where Roman corruption, senatorial failure, and the rise of Marius became visible.…
Gaul was the theatre of Caesar’s greatest military achievement. Through conquest, campaigning, and command, Caesar gained the army, wealth, and auctoritas that made him indispensable and threatening.…
Alexandria was the great Hellenistic city of Egypt and the setting for Caesar’s encounter with Cleopatra. It represented the wealth, culture, dynasty, and strategic importance of the eastern Mediterranean.…
Utica is remembered above all as the place of Cato’s death. Rather than submit to Caesar after the defeat of the republican cause, Cato chose suicide.…